Smoking - (project)

The origins of smoking:
Smoking is, a phenomenon that has spread in many countries of the world and the circle of this phenomenon includes 5 million  individuals from different social levels and all ages. The first person to bring tobacco to Europe was Dr Franhkohr Nndez who was sent on Columbus'1492 expedition by Philip II of Spain. People smoked to overcome hunger and fatigue and so became addicted to tobacco. Sir Francis Drake and Sir Walter Raleigh brought tobacco from the New World to England. Cigarette smoke contains thousands of chemical compounds, and when attracted to the smoker's breath, these compounds go to the respiratory system and affect the brain, heart and arteries, causing the material changes in the physiology




Some of the causes of smoking:
There are many causes of smoking; first you think it helps you to relax then you think that taking a cigarette makes you feel better and you like the smell. Also you think it gives you confidence, and especially in the company of people and you believe that it helps you focus and gives you energy to work or study or you are addicted and feel tired, if not smoking a cigarette. The best plan is to smoke fewer cigarettes each day; for example if you are smoking 20 cigarettes a day, plan the decrease to 4 cigarettes each day; that comes on the fifth day. Do deep breathing several times and do care about something and drink water to fill your mouth.




Major health problems due to smoking:
The major health problems due to smoking are heart attack and stroke and blocked blood circulation leading to amputation of legs; also lung cancer, stomach cancer, cervical cancer and abortion in women with low birth weight; finally it affects children: increasing chest problems such as asthma and pneumonia and bronchitis, and it increases child mortality.

The more you smoke the worse it is, but any amount of it is harmful and dangerous in itself and therefore what they call the medium or low-tar is also harmful; there is no such thing as a safe cigarette.





Stop smoking
• How to stop smoking?
Addiction is difficult to get rid of. And the means used to stop smoking are the same as stopping any bad habit, and the key to break the habit as is follows. You should have a decision to change, and then use awareness training with devised strategies to help you stop the habit. You need motivation and incentive to break the habit. If you really want to stop, it can always be achieved. Those with lung cancer usually stop smoking immediately, no matter how much they smoked the past; they stop simply because they feel the greatest degree of motivation(www.healthinfotranslations.org).


Why stop smoking?
Reasons to stop smoking are in two words: health and money. And the correlation between smoking and serious cases of health is stronger than any cause, other than environmental disease; lung cancer is the biggest killer; if you smoke 20 cigarettes or more per day, you're exposed to the death by a heart attack five times more than those who do not smoke. Smoking accelerates hardening and narrowing of the arteries, leading to the faltering blood flow, and the flow of blood to the brain can lead to a stroke, and poor blood flow to the heart muscle can cause a heart attack(www.helpwithsmoking.com).




References:

· "How to Quit Smoking." Healthinfotranslations.com. Web. <https://www.healthinfotranslations.org/pdfDocs/063059How_to_Quit_Smoking-Arabic-FINAL.pdf>.

· "Quit Smoking with Stop Smoking Tips." Stop Smoking Tips - Learn How to Quit Smoking. Web. 07 Jan. 2012. <http://www.stop-smoking-tips.com/>.

· "Why Do People Smoke - Reasons Why People Especially Teenagers Start Smoking and Why It Is Hard to Give Up." Help with Smoking.com - Help to Quit Smoking. Web. 07 Jan. 2012. <http://www.helpwithsmoking.com/why-people-smoke.php>.

Media

Media

   Nowadays the media are developed more than the past. It’s become popular because people depend on it, for example for the world news; if someone wants to know more what happened in the world because there is some people want to increase their knowledge especially the educated people and students so I agree with the statement.

   There are many people who will disagree with the statement for many reasons. First, 40-45 years ago the media were very simple. There was no T.V and the radio was not popular. There were many people in their 40’s or 50’s that were not educated. They didn’t follow the media and didn’t care.

   In these days the education developed with the media so we can see the people affected by the media more and more day by day. In developed countries the media are important like in Hollywood they produce films and in Kuwait they produce T.V series. On the other side the newspapers are come popular because many people want to know about what is happening in his country or outside and on the radio, many people when they go to work listen to the radio in the car.

   Finally, I think the statement is true nowadays because we saw the extent of the effect on people and it would be false in the past because the media were simpler.

Education

Education

  Nowadays, there are many things which have been developed in the world like technology, business and medicine; all these elements want people to run them and they should be educated persons to work perfect. The education is the main thing we should develop before working; when we develop the education many positives will be produced.

  On the other side, if the education doesn’t develop in the country it will be down because they don’t have enough educated people to run the companies, ministries and the economy so they don’t have experience. This is one of the negative sides; also in big countries they have a huge number of people so they don’t have enough money to develop the education and they educate their students in simple subjects.

  On the positive side, when the country develops the education many people will have a good situation in the future. Another thing is if any country has enough money they can develop the education at a high level like in our country where they pay for us all education costs.

  Finally, the development of education will be negative and costly for huge countries, and the development of education will be positive for small countries.

Airline Survey

Airline Survey

  The pie charts illustrate the results of an airline survey in 2002 of economy class and business passengers; the numbers include the percentage of male or female passengers; now I will describe the pie chart.

  In the economy class the features which are popular are movies with 9 percent for female and 7 percent for males. Then food and drinks, females have 21 percent and males 19 percent; finally there are two similar features, space and service. In the business class, the movies are 9 percent for females which is similar to the economy class but for males it’s reduced to 3 percent; for food and drink the males have the high percentage with 24% and females with 20 percent; the services and space are similar too for both males and females.

   Finally, we saw the service percent is high in economy class, also the space, and the males don’t rate movies as high as females. In business class males rate food and drinks higher than economy class.

Fishermen and Exporters

Fishermen and Exporters

   There are a graph and a table; the graph illustrates the number of fishermen in millions for different regions in 1970, 1980 and 2000 and the table shows the world’s top ten exporters of fish in 2000.

   First, the graph shows us in 1970 Africa and Europe had the highest number of fishermen with almost 13 million; in 1980 North America was the leader with 15 million and in 2000 Asia was the highest one with 22 million. Second, the table shows in 2000 the country which had the highest exports of fish was Thailand in Asia; in the middle was Denmark in Europe and the lowest country was South Korea in Asia.

   Finally, we saw in the graph and table in the beginning of 2000 the number of fishermen has increased in Asia; as we can see Thailand is the leading exporter.

Table and Bars combination - (Technology)

Table and Bars combination

(Technology)

   The table and the two bar charts show technology worldwide in 1999/2000. The numbers are in millions.

   The table shows in 1999 the number of PCs was high in the USA with 141 million and the highest on mobile phones was in EU-15 with 147 million. In 2000 the number of internet hosts and internet users was highest in the USA; for internet hosts, 65.9 million, and for internet users 154 million. The first bar chart shows the proportion of people using a personal computer so the Scandinavian countries are the highest and we have the EU-15 in the middle; the lowest country was Greece with 15 percent. The second bar chart shows the proportion of people using the internet in 1999; also the Scandinavian countries are the highest, and the percent goes down considerably to Greece.

   Finally, in the table the USA was the leader of internet users and hosts with the number of PCs. The mobile phones leader was EU-15. In the two bar charts the highest are Scandinavian countries and the lowest is Greece

Challenges and strategies

Challenges and strategies

   Nowadays, there are many people who travel to new countries or cities for many things like searching for jobs or as tourists to change the routine. Now I will write down the challenges and strategies.

   When people move to new cities or new countries they will see a different culture; also the language will change and they adapt their own behavior. The second challenge is some people can’t be away from their families, so this is one of the important challenges. We have also changes in food; for example if you travel to China you will not see Arabic food like biryani. The schools maybe different; also the way to educate the students and the time of summer holiday. The last thing is the law; it’s different from country to country.

   There are many strategies we can use to deal with the challenges. First, before we travel to a new country and we don’t know anything about it, research is a good idea to know about countries. We can use internet or newspapers and somebody who has knowledge about countries, so you can know the language, type of food, their culture and what behavior they follow. Second, when you are in the new country and you want to communicate with your family there are many things to use; first, mobile phones, MSN messenger, face book and Skype; with those programs you can make video calls so you will see your family.

   Finally, we’ve talked about the challenges followed by the strategies which we will use before we travel to new cities or new countries; also I will remind you of one thing; some libraries have books which contain information about countries.